Mo PaiArchive

Biography

Wei Boyang

Attributed author of the Cantong qi · Han dynasty, 2nd century CE

Woodblock print of Wei Boyang, a robed figure in a landscape, from the Ming collection Xianfo qizong.
Wei Boyang, to whom the Cantong qi is attributed, in a Ming woodblock print. The attribution is traditional; what the text actually is, and how much of it is his, has been argued over for eighteen centuries. Hong Zicheng · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

The name attached to the founding text of Chinese alchemy. The Cantong qi is written obscurely enough that both the external and the internal traditions could read it as their own charter, and both did.

Life

Wei Boyang is a name with a text behind it and very little else. The traditional account makes him a Han-dynasty adept from Wu; the Cantong qi — "the Seal of the Unity of the Three" — is attributed to him, and the attribution is as secure as most attributions of that period, which is to say not very.

The text is the important thing. It reads as a cosmological poem: trigrams, lunar cycles, the pairing of lead and mercury, the timing of a fire. Whether it was originally about a furnace, about the body, or about the correspondence between them has been argued for eighteen centuries, and its influence comes precisely from that ambiguity — external alchemy and internal alchemy both took it as their founding statement.

For a reader of this archive it is the beginning of the vocabulary. Furnace, cauldron, lead and mercury, the firing schedule: every one of those words reaches Mo Pai through a line that starts here.

Their book

Everything this archive says about them rests on these — see Sources.

Elsewhere in the archive